Chapter 7 Basic Resources

  Main measures Relevant legislation

Cabinet Office

Formulation of the Basic Plan for Persons with Disabilities, awareness raising and public relations (Disabled Persons’ Week, special gatherings, regional conferences to promote measures for persons with disabilities, programs to promote public awareness of persons with disabilities)

Fundamental Law for Disabled Persons

National Police Agency

Audible traffic signals for persons with visual impairments are installed, exception to the no-parking rule, consultation on driving aptitude, etc.

Law on Infrastructure Plans, Law on Equipping Traffic Safety Facilities, Road Traffic Law, etc.

Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications

Reduction of and exemption from NHK broadcast subscription fees, Automated Telling Machines (ATM) for persons with visual impairments are installed, provision of welfare telephone, etc. Consideration on taxes (Local Tax.)

Broadcast Law, Cable Television Broadcast Law, Telecommunications Service Law, Law for Promoting Businesses that Facilitate the Use of Communications and Broadcast Services by the Physically Disabled Persons Local Tax Law

Ministry of Justice

Establishment of human rights consultation offices in each bureau and in district legal affairs and branch bureaus

 

Ministry of Foreign Affairs

Technical cooperation in the rehabilitation related field for persons with disabilities

Japan International Cooperation Agency Law

Ministry of Finance

Measures for taxation (national tax)

Income Tax Law, Consumption Tax Law, Inheritance Tax Law, Special Measures Act concerning Temporary Tax Law, Customs Tariff Law, etc.

Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology

Special support education Commission for development of medical and technical equipments to be used at school.

•School Education Law •Law for Encouragement of School Attendance at Special Schools for Blind Persons, Deaf Persons, Physically Disabled Persons, Intellectually Disabled Persons

•School Health Law

Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare

•Prevention of the cause of disabilities, early detection and treatment, various welfare measures, public assistance, medical care
•Employment measures, vocational training, compensation of industrial accidents

Maternal and Child Health Law, Child Welfare Law, Law for the Welfare of Physically Disabled Persons, Law for the Welfare of Intellectually Disabled Persons, Law Concerning Mental Health and Welfare for Mentally Disabled Persons, Special Child Rearing Allowance Law, Law for Special Aid to Wounded and Sick Veterans, Daily Life Security Law, National Pension Law, Employees’ Pension Law, National Health Insurance Law, etc. Law for Employment Promotion, etc. of the Disabled Persons, Employment Countermeasures Law, Employment Insurance Law, Human Resources Development Promotion Law,

Workmen’s Accident Compensation Insurance Law, etc.

Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries

Improvements to the eating habits and the living environment of farming, fishing, and mountain villages that take into account the needs of persons with disabilities

 

Ministry of Economy, Trade, and Industry

Development of welfare related technical devices, equipment standardization

Law on Industrial Standardization, Law for Promotion of Research, Development and the Distribution of Technical Aids and Equipment

Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transport

Improvement of public transportation Provision of public housing for persons with disabilities, prioritizing for getting into public housings, improvement of government facilities, public buildings, and roads, discount of fees for using toll highways, etc.

System for Permission of developing emergency care and other facilities in areas prone to landslides

Law to Facilitate the Use of Public Transportation by Elderly and Disabled Persons, Law for Buildings Accessible to and Usable by the Elderly and Physically Disabled Persons, Public Housing Law, Urban Development Corporation Byelaws, Government Housing Loan Corporation Law Law to Promote Natural Disaster Preventative Measures in Areas Prone to Landslides

 

Total number

Number of persons at home

Number of persons in institutions

Children and adults with physical disabilities (*Source 1)

3,516,000

3,327,000

189,000

Children with physical disabilities (under the age of 18)

90,000

82,000

8,000

Adults with physical disabilities (18 years of age or over)

3,426,000

3,245,000

181,000

Adults and children with intellectual disabilities (*Source 2)

459,000

329,000

130,000

Children with intellectual disabilities (under the age of 18 years)

103,000

94,000

9,000

Adults with intellectual disabilities (18 years of age or over)

342,000

221,000

121,000

Age unknown

14,000

14,000

0

Persons with psychiatric disabilities (*Source 3)

2,584,000

2,239,000

345,000

Total number

6,559,000

5,895,000

664,000

Notes

  1. Adults and children with physical disabilities who are residents of institutions include those living in facilities for blind children, facilities for deaf children, facilities for children with orthopedic disabilities, facilities for children with both severe intellectual and physical disabilities, facilities for rehabilitation and care of persons with physical disabilities, etc.
  2. Adults and children with intellectual disabilities who are residents of institutions include those living in facilities for children with intellectual disabilities, facilities for children with autism, facilities for children with both severe intellectual and physical disabilities, National Sanatorium (with special wards for children with both severe intellectual and physical disabilities), rehabilitation centers for persons with intellectual disabilities, and residential sheltered workshops for persons with intellectual disabilities.
  3. The number of persons with psychiatric disabilities comprises patients with a mental and other such disorders. The number residing in institutions comprises all such patients who are hospitalized.

Sources:

  1. Persons living at home: Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare, “Survey on the Actual Status of Children and Adults with Physical Disabilities,” 2001.
    Persons in facilities: Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare, “Survey of Social Welfare Institutions’ 2000, etc.”
  2. 2. Persons living at home: Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare, “Basic Survey for the Policy of the Welfare of Children (Adults) with Intellectual Disabilities” 2000.
    Persons in facilities: Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare, “Survey of Social Welfare institutions’ 2000, etc.”
  3. 3. Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare, “Survey of Patients” 2002.

2. Breakdown of persons with physical disabilities by type of disability and gender

Type of disability

Total

Gender

Male

Female

Gender unknown

Total

3,245,000(100.0%)

1,779,000(54.8%)

1,423,000(43.9%)

44,000(1.4%)

Visual Impairment

301,000 (100.0%)

154,000 (51.2%)

142,000 (47.2%)

5,000 (1.7%)

Hearing and speech impairment

346,000 (100.0%)

164,000 (47.4%)

176,000 (50.9%)

6,000(1.7%)

Hearing impairment

305,000 (100.0%)

135,000 (44.3%)

165,000 (54.1%)

5,000 (1.6%)

Impairment of balance function

7,000 (100.0%)

3,000 (42.9%)

4,000 (57.1%)

– ( – )

Impairment of voice, speech and mastication function

34,000 (100.0%)

26,000 (76.5%)

6,000 (17.6%)

1,000 (2.9%)

Impairments of limbs or trunk

1,749,000 (100.0%)

940,000 (53.7%)

787,000 (45.0%)

22,000 (1.3%)

Amputation of upper limb

98,000 (100.0%)

72,000 (73.5%)

24,000 (24.5%)

2,000 (2.0%)

Upper limb functional disorder

479,000 (100.0%)

287,000 (59.9%)

186,000 (38.8%)

6,000 (1.3%)

Amputation of lower limb

49,000 (100.0%)

34,000 (69.4%)

15,000 (30.6%)

– ( – )

Lower limb functional disorder

563,000 (100.0%)

247,000 (43.9%)

310,000 (55.1%)

6,000 (1.1%)

Trunk functional disorder

167,000 (100.0%)

96,000 (57.5%)

68,000 (40.7%)

2,000 (1.2%)

Mobility disorder caused by brain damage/cerebral palsy

60,000 (100.0%)

32,000 (53.3%)

27,000 (45.0%)

1,000 (1.7%)

Mobility disorder affecting multiple limbs and trunk

333,000 (100.0%)

172,000 (51.7%)

157,000 (47.1%)

3,000 (0.9%)

Internal Disorders

849,000 (100.0%)

521,000 (61.4%)

318,000 (37.5%)

11,000 (1.3%)

Cardiac impairment

463,000 (100.0%)

269,000 (58.1%)

188,000 (40.6%)

6,000 (1.3%)

Respiratory impairment

89,000 (100.0%)

63,000 (70.8%)

24,000 (27.0%)

2,000 (2.2%)

Renal (kidney) impairment

202,000 (100.0%)

128,000 (63.4%)

73,000 (36.1%)

1,000 (0.5%)

Bladder and rectum impairment

91,000 (100.0%)

58,000 (63.7%)

31,000 (34.1%)

1,000 (1.1%)

Small intestine impairment

3,000(100.0%)

1,000 (33.3%)

1,000 (33.3%)

– ( – )

Immune function disorder caused by human immunodeficiency virus

2,000 (100.0%)

1,000 (50.0%)

1,000 (50.0%)

– ( – )

Multiple impairments (double count)

175,000 (100.0%)

107,000 (61.1%)

66,000 (37.7%)

2,000 (1.1%)

Source: Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare, “Survey on Actual Status of Children and Adults with Physical Disabilities,” 2001.

3. Breakdown of persons with physical disabilities by type and degree of disability

Total number

Grade one

Grade two

Grade three

Grade four

Grade five

Grade six

Grade unknown

Total number

3,245,000
(100.0%)

850,000
(26.2%)

614,000
(18.9%)

602,000
(18.6%)

660,000
(20.3%)

260,000
(8.0%)

216,000
(6.7%)

45,000
(1.4%)

Visual impairment

301,000
(100.0%)

105,000
(34.9%)

74,000
(24.6%)

27,000
(9.0%)

28,000
(9.3%)

34,000
(11.3%)

32,000
(10.6%)

1,000
(0.3%)

Hearing/speech impairment

346,000
(100.0%)

1,000
(0.3%)

88,000
(25.4%)

70,000
(20.2%)

64,000
(18.5%)

5,000
(1.4%)

101,000
(29.2%)

17,000
(4.9%)

Limb/trunk impairment

1,749,000
(100.0%)

243,000
(13.9%)

445,000
(25.4%)

341,000
(19.5%)

397,000
(22.7%)

221,000
(12.6%)

83,000
(4.7%)

19,000
(1.1%)

Internal disorder

849,000
(100.0%)

501,000
(59.0%)

6,000
(0.7%)

165,000
(19.4%)

170,000
(20.0%)


( – )


( – )

7,000
(0.8%)

Multiple impairment
(double count)

175,000
(100.0%)

88,000
(50.3%)

47,000
(26.9%)

22,000
(12.6%)

8,000
(4.6%)

4,000
(2.3%)

1,000
(0.6%)

6,000
(3.4%)

Source: Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare, “Survey on the Actual Status of Children and Adults with Physical Disabilities,” 2001.

4. Breakdown of persons with intellectual disabilities by degree of disability

Total
number

Profound

Severe

Moderate

Mild

Degree
unknown

Total number

329,200
(100.0%)

45,500
(13.8%)

92,600
(28.1%)

77,600
(23.6%)

73,200
(22.2%)

40,300
(12.2%)

Children with intellectual disabilities (under 18 years of age)

93,600
(100.0%)

17,800
(19.1%)

30,700
(32.8%)

17,800
(19.1%)

18,300
(19.5%)

9,000
(9.6%)

Adults with intellectual disabilities (18 years of age or older)

221,200
(100.0%)

26,700
(12.1%)

59,700
(27.0%)

57,400
(25.9%)

52,100
(23.6%)

25,300
(11.4%)

Age unknown

14,400
(100.0%)

1,000
(6.9%)

2,200
(15.3%)

2,400
(16.7%)

2,800
(19.4%)

6,000
(41.7%)

Source: Ministry of Health, Labor, and, Welfare, “Basic Survey for the Policy of the Welfare of Children (Adults) with Intellectual Disabilities,” 2000.

5. Breakdown of persons with intellectual disabilities by age and gender

Total number

Males

Females

Gender unknown

Total number

329,200

(100.0%)

184,500

(56.0%)

130,900

(39.8%)

13,800

(4.2%)

Age

0-4 years

12,400

7,800

4,600

5-9 years

30,100

19,600

10,400

10-14 years

33,100

20,000

12,600

400

15-19 years

33,600

21,400

12,000

200

20-29 years

79,800

45,500

33,500

800

30-39 years

50,700

27,700

22,100

1,000

40-49 years

37,700

21,300

16,200

200

50-59 years

22,500

12,400

9,600

400

60 years or older

14,800

7,000

7,600

200

Age unknown

14,400

1,600

2,200

10,600

Source: Ministry of Health, Labor, and, Welfare, “Basic Survey for the Policy of Children (Adults) with Intellectual Disabilities,” 2000.

3. Education of Children with Disabilities

Number of schools for students with disabilities; number of students and staffs at these schools (As of May 1, 2003)

Type of school

Number of schools

Number of students

Full-time teachers

Full-time staffs

Preschool division

Elementary school division

Junior high school division

High school division

Total number

School for the blind

71

272

639

508

2,463

3,882

3,401

1,863

School for the deaf

106

1,430

2,092

1,171

2,012

6,705

4,915

1,984

Special School

School for children with intellectual disabilities

523

70

18,444

14,147

30,721

63,382

34,429

7,882

Schools for children with physical disabilities

199

72

7,701

4,434

6,330

18,537

14,754

3,662

Schools for Children with health impairments

96

3

1,437

1,382

1,145

3,967

3,595

726

Total

818

145

27,582

19,963

38,196

85,886

52,778

12,270

Total

995

1,847

30,313

21,642

42,671

96,473

61,094

16,117

Source: Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology

“Welfare for Persons with Disabilities in Japan 2004”
Published and Distributed by
Japanese Society for Rehabilitation of Persons with Disabilities 1-22-1, Toyama, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0052, Japan TEL: +81-3-5273-0601FAX: +81-3-5273-1523E-mail: inquiry@dinf.ne.jp

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